Autograph letter signed ("Oliver Cromwell"), probably to his fellow MP Sir John Wray Parliamentary Commissioner for Lincolnshire, written in the summer of 1643, during the early stages of the civil war and only a year after first taking up military command, describing how he marched on Gainsborough following the capture of Burghley House ("...After Burlye house was taken, wee went towards Gaynsbrowe, to a Generall Rendevouze, where mett us Lincolnesheire Troopes, soe that we were nineteene or twentye Troopes, when wee were together, of horse, and about three or foure troupes of Dragooners...") and how in the ensuing battle his cavalry managed to regroup and hold the field after their victorious charge ("...the enimie beinge upon the top of a very steepe hill over our heads, some of our men, attemted to march up that Hill, the enimie oposed, our men drove them up, and forced their passage, by that tyme wee came up wee saw the enimie well sett in two bodyes, the former a large fayre body, the other a reserve, consistinge of 6. or seaven brave Troopes, before wee could gett our force into Order, the great body of the enimie advanced, they were within Muskett Shott of us when wee came to the pitch of the Hill, wee advanced likewise towards them and both charged each upon other thus advancinge, wee came to pistoll and swords point both in that closse Order, that it was disputed very strongly whoe should breake the other, but, our men pressinge a little heavilye upon them they begun to give backe, which our men perceavinge, instantly forced them brake that whole body some of them flyinge on this side, some on the other side of the reserve, our men pursuinge them in great disorder had the execution about 4. or some say 6 miles with much a doe/ this donn, and all their force beinge goun, not one man standinge, but all beaten out of the field, wee drew up our body together, and kept the field/ the half of our men beinge well worne in the chase of the enimie..."); following this, Cromwell gives a further long account of how he then faced the royalist army under the Earl of Newcastle that had come up to lay siege to the town ("...word was brought us that the enimie had about 6. Troupes of horse and 300. foote a little onn the other side of the towne, upon this we drew some musketteers out of the towne, and with our body of horse marched towards them, wee saw two troupes towards the mill, which my men drove downe, into a little village att the bottom of the hill, when wee came with our horse to the top of that Hill, wee sawe in the bottom a whole Regiment of foote, after that another, and another; and, as some counted, about 50. colours of foote, with a great body of horse, which indeed was my Lord Newcastle's Armie, with which hee now beseiges Gainsbrowe..."); further describing how, following Newcastle's appearance, the parliamentary infantry fell back in disorder, while his cavalry by contrast managed an orderly retreat without the loss of a single man ("...our horse also beinge wearied, and unexpectedly pressed by this new force, soe great, gave off, not beinge able to brave the charge, but with some difficulty wee gott our horse into a body, and with them faced the enimie, and retraited in such order, that though the enimie followed hard, yett they were not able to disorder us but wee gott them off safe to Lincolne from this fresh force, and lost not one man, The honor of this retraite æqual to any of late tymes is due to Major Whalye, and Captaine Ascough next under God..."); and concluding the main part of the letter by bidding Wray take good heart at the favour God has shown them ("...This relation I offer you for the honor of God, to whome bee all the praise, as also to lett you know you have some servants faythfull to you, to incite to action. I beseech you lett this good successe quicken your cuntainien to this ingagement/ its great evidence of God's favor, lett not yonr businesse bee starved, I know if all bee of your minde w
Autograph letter signed ("Oliver Cromwell"), probably to his fellow MP Sir John Wray Parliamentary Commissioner for Lincolnshire, written in the summer of 1643, during the early stages of the civil war and only a year after first taking up military command, describing how he marched on Gainsborough following the capture of Burghley House ("...After Burlye house was taken, wee went towards Gaynsbrowe, to a Generall Rendevouze, where mett us Lincolnesheire Troopes, soe that we were nineteene or twentye Troopes, when wee were together, of horse, and about three or foure troupes of Dragooners...") and how in the ensuing battle his cavalry managed to regroup and hold the field after their victorious charge ("...the enimie beinge upon the top of a very steepe hill over our heads, some of our men, attemted to march up that Hill, the enimie oposed, our men drove them up, and forced their passage, by that tyme wee came up wee saw the enimie well sett in two bodyes, the former a large fayre body, the other a reserve, consistinge of 6. or seaven brave Troopes, before wee could gett our force into Order, the great body of the enimie advanced, they were within Muskett Shott of us when wee came to the pitch of the Hill, wee advanced likewise towards them and both charged each upon other thus advancinge, wee came to pistoll and swords point both in that closse Order, that it was disputed very strongly whoe should breake the other, but, our men pressinge a little heavilye upon them they begun to give backe, which our men perceavinge, instantly forced them brake that whole body some of them flyinge on this side, some on the other side of the reserve, our men pursuinge them in great disorder had the execution about 4. or some say 6 miles with much a doe/ this donn, and all their force beinge goun, not one man standinge, but all beaten out of the field, wee drew up our body together, and kept the field/ the half of our men beinge well worne in the chase of the enimie..."); following this, Cromwell gives a further long account of how he then faced the royalist army under the Earl of Newcastle that had come up to lay siege to the town ("...word was brought us that the enimie had about 6. Troupes of horse and 300. foote a little onn the other side of the towne, upon this we drew some musketteers out of the towne, and with our body of horse marched towards them, wee saw two troupes towards the mill, which my men drove downe, into a little village att the bottom of the hill, when wee came with our horse to the top of that Hill, wee sawe in the bottom a whole Regiment of foote, after that another, and another; and, as some counted, about 50. colours of foote, with a great body of horse, which indeed was my Lord Newcastle's Armie, with which hee now beseiges Gainsbrowe..."); further describing how, following Newcastle's appearance, the parliamentary infantry fell back in disorder, while his cavalry by contrast managed an orderly retreat without the loss of a single man ("...our horse also beinge wearied, and unexpectedly pressed by this new force, soe great, gave off, not beinge able to brave the charge, but with some difficulty wee gott our horse into a body, and with them faced the enimie, and retraited in such order, that though the enimie followed hard, yett they were not able to disorder us but wee gott them off safe to Lincolne from this fresh force, and lost not one man, The honor of this retraite æqual to any of late tymes is due to Major Whalye, and Captaine Ascough next under God..."); and concluding the main part of the letter by bidding Wray take good heart at the favour God has shown them ("...This relation I offer you for the honor of God, to whome bee all the praise, as also to lett you know you have some servants faythfull to you, to incite to action. I beseech you lett this good successe quicken your cuntainien to this ingagement/ its great evidence of God's favor, lett not yonr businesse bee starved, I know if all bee of your minde w
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